The government has announced a new initiative to counter fraudulent activity, particularly in the financial sector.

You might not be surprised to learn that fraud is now the most common crime in England and Wales, although you may not be aware that it accounts for more than 40% of all crime. The growth in fraud has so far not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in prevention measures. At present, less than 1% of police resource is directed towards dealing with fraud.

In May, the Home Secretary announced a new fraud strategy ­– Stopping Scams and Protecting the Public. The Home Office’s plans include:

Stopping abuse of the telecom networks: Many scams start with unsolicited calls and text messages. The government says it will be “making it harder” for criminals to spoof phone numbers, which make their calls appear to be coming from your bank or another trusted source. Under the same heading, the government has launched a consultation on banning SIM farms, devices that can send thousands of fraudulent texts in a matter of seconds.

A ban on cold calling on investment products: Currently, there is a ban on cold calls from personal injury firms and pension providers (unless the consumer has explicitly agreed to be contacted). The government plans to extend this ban to all investment products, with an initial consultation on the mechanics “by summer”. The logic behind this move is that the ban will mean that anyone receiving such a call will know it is unauthorised – assuming they are aware of the law.

More protection for fraud victims: If you are a victim of unauthorised fraud (such as bank card theft), you are entitled by law to be reimbursed by your bank within 48 hours. However, if you fall foul of authorised fraud – for example, by being tricked into transferring money – you are currently not eligible for the same level of protection. The Financial Services and Markets Bill, currently on its way through parliament, will remove this distinction.

These and the many other proposals will inevitably take time to reach the statute book and, as now, will encounter the problem of offshore and ever more creative fraudsters. In the meantime, there is one sound piece of advice – if you receive an unsolicited call from your bank, the police or anyone else, tell them you will call them back on the number you have (e.g. on your bank card). A scammer will do everything to prevent that happening, but a genuine caller will have no such issue.
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Find out more about the latest fraud strategy here.

With continuing high electricity prices, now could be a very good time to install solar panels at your property. Unless an expensive solar battery is part of the system, it makes sense to sell excess electricity back to the national grid. Normally such sales are free from tax, but there is an exception.
Exemption rules

The sale of excess electricity – from what is known as microgeneration system – is exempt provided the intention is to match the individual’s own home consumption needs.

·     The system must be installed at or near an individual’s home, e.g. rooftop solar panels; and
·     The amount of electricity generated by the system should not significantly exceed domestic needs – HMRC allow a 20% margin here, so the system can generate 120% of domestic needs before sales to the grid become taxable.

Even if electricity sales to the grid are taxable, they might still be covered by the £1,000 trading allowance. If income exceeds the allowance, a £1,000 deduction can be claimed.

Unless a solar battery is used, around half of the electricity generated may end up being sold back to the grid. Install too large a system and these sales will be taxable. This will extend the typical eight-to-ten-year payback period for solar panels, especially if higher rates of tax are involved.

Smart export guarantee
Larger energy suppliers have to pay for excess electricity that is exported to the national grid under the smart export guarantee (SEG) scheme. Any energy company can be chosen, but care should be taken as rates vary significantly – from 1p/per kWh up to a potential 15p/per kWh. Even higher rates might be available if a variable tariff is chosen.
The best SEG rates are normally only available when the same energy supplier is used to supply electricity.
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Details of the best SEG available rates can be found here.

There is a long list of reasons why it is necessary to complete a self-assessment tax return, but PAYE taxpayers are generally exempt from the requirement. Previously, exemption was subject to a £100,000 income ceiling, but the threshold has been increased to £150,000 for the current tax year onwards.

The £150,000 threshold applies to total income – not just gross salary – and also any taxable benefits and income from savings and investments.

Other reasons to file a return
There are a number of other reasons why an employee with income below £150,000 will still be required to complete a tax return. For example, where the taxpayer also has:
·     Income from property rental;
·     More than £10,000 in either dividend income or savings income;
·     Income from a trust;
·     To pay capital gains tax (more likely now with the exempt amount reduced from £12,300 to £6,000);
·     Income from self-employment or partnership income; or
·     To pay the High Income Child Benefit Charge.
   
When a return is not required
Employed taxpayers with income between £100,000 and £150,000 for 2022/23 ­– and with no other reason for completing a return – should receive a self-assessment exit letter from HMRC confirming that they do not need to complete a return for 2023/24.

In other situations, it will be necessary for taxpayers to contact HMRC and inform them why a return is no longer necessary.

Taxpayers can ask for a return to be withdrawn even after HMRC has charged late filing penalties. Subject to HMRC agreement, the penalties will then be waived.

Even if a tax return is not strictly required, there are some situations where a taxpayer might want to complete a return anyway. The main reason will normally be to claim a relief, such as pension contributions or donations to charity.
If a tax return is not submitted, it will be more important than ever to check your tax code, which will typically be used to collect tax on taxable benefits and savings income.
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To check if a self-assessment tax return is required, use HMRC’s online tool found here.